Crop Ferality and Volunteerism

Hardback  448  ISBN 0849328950      £90.00

• Places emphasis on ferality's impact on the world's major crop: rice
• Includes comprehensive coverage throughout the book on crop and plant molecular biology and genetics
• Discusses the economic and social impact of crop ferality and volunteerism
• Most chapters include background information and end with succinct, summarized conclusions
• Extensive references serve as a departure point for further research

At a time when much of humanity is already but one failed harvest removed from starvation, we cannot afford to ignore any potential danger to food security, especially when that danger poses a threat to rice, the staff of life for so much of the world.

Crop Ferality and Volunteerism brings together research pioneers from various disciplines including the crop, plant, and weed sciences to discuss crop ferality and volunteerism. The book provides thorough coverage of crop and plant molecular biology and genetics as it pertains to ferality and weeds. In an exhaustive effort to provide complete and highly useful coverage of this impending crisis, the authors go beyond the science of the problem to discuss the potential economic and social impact of crop ferality, particularly in relationship to rice.

Readers will discover a wealth of well-organized and well-written material about the overall biology and management of weeds and weedy crops. Many examples of ferality are considered, because, as the editor states, readers will discover that there is no unified theory of ferality. Thanks to the incredible diversity of the plant kingdom, "Surprises abound in every chapter."

Contents

• The Challenges of Ferality, Jonathon B. Gressel: Domestication and Ferality. The Need for a Synthesis of Information on Plant Ferality. The Biodiversity of Feral Forms and Their Evolution. Ferality and Scientific Terminology - A Caution.
• Crops Come from Wild Plants-How Domestication, Transgenes, and Linkage Together Shape Ferality, Suzanne I. Warwick and C. Neal Stewart, Jr: Domesticated Crops, Agricultural Weeds, and Ferality. Degree of Crop Domestication. The Effects of Transgenes and Genetic Linkage
• The Ecology and Detection of Plant Ferality in the Historic Records, Klaus Ammann, Yolande Jacot, and Pia Rufener Al Mazyad: Reversion of Crops to Wild Types. Historical Accounts of Feral Crops
• Feral Beets - With Help from the Maritime Wild? Ulrich Sukopp, Matthias Pohl Sarah Driessen, and Detlef Bartsch: History of Beet Domestication. Hybridization and Gene Flow in Beet. Ferality in Beet Connected to the Bolting Gene "B. Potential Impact of Transgenes on Ferality.
• Volunteer Oilseed Rape - Will Herbicide-Resistance Traits Assist Ferality? Linda M. Hall, M. Habibur Rahman, Robert H. Gulden, and A. Gordon Thomas: Brassica rapa and B. napus Origins and Biology. Biological Characteristics Influencing Weediness. Presence and Persistence of Volunteer B. Rapa and B. napus.
• Incestuous Relations of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) with Its Parents and Cousins Henri Darmency: Domestication of Foxtail Millet. Volunteers or Weedy Hybrid Derivatives? Polyploid Species of the Foxtail Millet Gene Pool.
• Urban Ornamentals Escaped from Cultivation, Ingo Kowarik: Urban Ornamentals - A Heterogeneous Species Pool. Invasions by Ornamentals. How Many Species Will Spread? Underlying Processes. Can We Predict the Spread of Introduced Ornamentals?
• Sorghum and Its Weedy Hybrids, Gebisa Ejeta and Cécile Grenier: The Sorghum Taxa. Weedy Sorghums in Agroecosystems . Gene Flow among Sorghums.
• Multidirectional Gene Flow among Wild, Weedy, and Cultivated Soybeans, Bao-Rong Lu: Soybean and Its Weedy and Wild Relatives. Possible Consequences of Gene Flow from Transgenic Soybean.
• Maize and Soybeans - Controllable Volunteerism without Ferality? Micheal D.K. Owen: Current Maize and Soybean Production. Origin of Maize and Soybeans. Extent of Volunteerism in Maize and Soybeans. Volunteers Need Not Be in Fields - Identity Preservation and Derived Traits.
• Wheat Domestication and Dedomestication - What Are the Odds? Sharon Ayal and Avraham A. Levy: Wheat Domestication. Genomics of Wheat Domestication. Assessing the Odds of Dedomestication. Semiwild Wheat from Tibet - A Case of Dedomestication?
• Feral Rye - Evolutionary Origins of a Weed, Jutta C. Burger and Norman C. Ellstrand:The Many Faces of Weedy Rye. History of Domestication. The Case of Naturalized Feral Rye in the Western U.S.
• Can Feral Radishes Become Weeds? Allison A. Snow and Lesley G. Campbell: Early Domestication. Modern Radish Varieties with Edible Roots. Dedomestication and Weed Evolution in Radishes. Exoferality via Crop-Weed Hybridization.
• Ferality - Risks of Gene Flow between Sunflower and Other Helianthu s Species, André Bervillé, Marie-Hélčne Muller, Bernard Poinso, and Hervé Serieys: Botany and Economic Importance of Helianthus Species. Studies on Helianthus annuus. Studies on Jerusalem Artichoke . Modeling the Impact of Gene Flow and Fate of Wild Relatives. Weediness, Ferality, and Invasiveness in Helianthus.
• Issues of Ferality or Potential for Ferality in Oats, Olives, the Vigna Group,Ryegrass Species, Safflower, and Sugarcane, André Bervillé, Catherine Breton, Ken Cunliffe, Henri Darmency, Allen G. Good, Jonathan Gressel, Linda M. Hall, Marc A. McPherson, Frédéric Médail, Christian Pinatel, Duncan A. Vaughan, and Suzanne I. Warwick: Oats. Olives. Vigna in Asia. The Ryegrass Complex. Safflower - Ferality in a Plant-Made Pharmaceutical Platform. Sugarca.
• Asian Rice and Weedy Rice - Evolutionary Perspectives, Duncan A. Vaughan, Paulino L. Sanchez, Jun Ushiki, Akito Kaga, and Norihiko Tomooka: The Genus Oryza in Relation to Rice. Rice Domestication . Diversification of Rice. Case Studies.
• The Damage by Weedy Rice - Can Feral Rice Remain Undetected? Bernal E. Valverde: Distribution and Diversity of Weedy Rice. Agronomic and Market Impact of Weedy Rice. Field Management of Weedy Rice. The Spread of Weedy Rice. Going Undetected.
• Properties of Rice Growing in Abandoned Paddies in Sri Lanka, Buddhi Marambe: Land Use in Rice Cultivation in Sri Lanka. Field Observations of Morphological Characteristics.
• Coexistence of Weedy Rice and Rice in Tropical America - Gene Flow and Genetic Diversity, Zaida Lentini and Ana Mercedes Espinoza: Introduction and Dissemination of Rice in the Americas. Oryza Species in Tropical America . Coexistence of Weedy Rice with Domestic Rice in Fields. Rice-Weedy Rice Gene Flow in Tropical America.
• Gene Movement between Rice (Oryza sativa) and Weedy Rice (Oryza sativa) - a U.S. Temperate Rice Perspective. David R. Gealy: Introduction to U.S. Temperate Rice Production. Weed Problems - The Red Rice Dilemma. Herbicide-Resistant Cultivars Background. Outcrossing Causes, Rates, and Consequences. Phenotypic Traits of Rice/Red Rice Hybrids in the U.S. Backcrossing Considerations. Dormancy, Shattering, and Other Keys to Domestication/Dedomestication. Anecdotal Evidence of Gene Flow between Red Rice and Rice in the U.S.? Prospects for Volunteerism.
• Modeling Population Dynamics to Overcome Feral Rice in Rice, Francesco Vidotto and Ald o Ferrero: Spread and Importance of Weedy Rice in Europe. Weedy Rice Biology in Relation to Population Dynamics. Modeling Weedy Rice Infestation Dynamics. Running the Model
• Molecular Containment and Mitigation of Genes within Crops - Prevention of Gene Establishment in Volunteer Offspring and Feral Strains, Jonathan Gressel and Hani Al-Ahmad: Needs for Preventing Gene Flow and Overcoming Ferality. Methods for Precluding Feral Traits from Becoming Predominant in Populations. Special Cases Where Transgenic Mitigation Is Needed - Special Genes.
• Assessing the Environmental Risks of Transgenic Volunteer Weeds, Alan Raybould: What Is a Risk Assessment? Tiered Testing and Risk Assessment. General Requirements for Assessing Risks from Volunteer Trangenic Crops. Assessment Endpoints. Hazards, Exposure, and Risks of Volunteer Transgenic Crops.. Hazard Assessments.. Exposure Assessments. Acceptable Risks and Trigger Values.
• Regulation Should Be Based on Data, Not Just Models, Richard Roush: Trends in Regulation - Estimating Risk. Types of Models.
• Epilogue, Ervin Balázs: Good Agricultural Practice. Volunteerism. Ferality.
• Index