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Catalyst Separation, Recovery and Recycling - Chemistry and Process Design
Edited by Cole-Hamilton, David J.; Tooze, Robert P.
Springer
2006
Hardcover IX, 248 p. ISBN 1402040865
£126.00
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This book looks at new ways of tackling the problem of separating reaction products from homogeneous
catalytic solutions. The new processes involve low leaching supported catalysts, soluble supports such as
polymers and dendrimers and unusual solvents such as water, fluorinated organics, ionic liquids and supercritical
fluids. The advantages of the different possibilities are discussed alongside suggestions for further research that
will be required for commercialisation. Unlike other books, in addition to the chemistry involved, the book looks
at the process design that would be required to bring the new approaches to fruition. Comparisons are given
with existing processes that have already been successfully applied and examples are given where these
approaches are not suitable. The book includes:
- New processes for the separation of products from solutions containing homogeneous catalysts
- Catalysts on insoluble or soluble supports € fixed bed catalysts - continuous flow or ultrafiltration
- Biphasic systems: water - organic, fluorous - organic, ionic liquid € organic, supercritical fluids (monophasic
or biphasic with water, organic or ionic liquid)
- Comparisons with current processes involving atmospheric or low temperature distillation
- Consideration of Chemistry and Process Design
- Advantages and disadvantages of each process exposed
- Consideration of what else is need for commercialisation
Written for: All those working in catalysis, in particular biphasic or multiphasic catalysis incorporating ionic liquids
Contents
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS € ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS:
Catalysis .Catalyst Stability. Layout of the book . References .
Classical Homogeneous Catalyst Separation Technology: Coverage of Chapter .-General Process.-
Considerations .-Everything is a Reactor .- Overview of Separation Technologies.-Hypothetical processes -
How might the Product be separated from the Catalyst?.- Real-World Complications.-
Further separation challenges .- Concluding Remarks .-References .
SUPPORTED CATALYSTS
Immobilisation of tailor-made homogeneous catalysts .- Introduction .-Short historical overview .- Polystyrene .
-supported catalysts .-Silica supported catalyst .-Catalysis in interphases .- Ordered mesoporous support
-Non-covalently supported catalysts .-Supported Aqueous Phase Catalysis .
-Process design
.- Concluding remarks .-References .
SEPARATION by SIZE-EXCLUSION FILTRATION
Homogeneous Catalysts Applied in Membrane Reactors: Introduction .- Reactors.- Membranes.-
Dendrimer supported catalysts.- Dendrimer supported catalysts.- Dendritic effects .- Unmodified
or non-dendritic catalysts .- Soluble polymer supported catalysts .-Concluding Remarks .-References .
BIPHASIC SYSTEMS: WATER € ORGANIC: Introduction .- Immobilization with the Help of Liquid Supports.
Recycle and Recovery of Aqueous Catalysts.- Concluding remarks .- References.
FLUOROUS BIPHASIC CATALYSIS .-Introduction.- Alkene Hydrogenation.- Alkene hydrosilation.-
Alkene Hydroboration .- Alkene hydroformylation .- Alkene Epoxidation.- Other Oxidation Reactions.
Allylic alkylation .- Heck, Stille, Suzuki , Sonagashira and related coupling reactions.-. Asymmetric
alkylation of aldehydes.- Miscellaneous catalytic reactions.- Fluorous catalysis without fluorous solvents.-
Continuous processing.- Process Synthesis for the fluorous biphasic hydroformylation of 1-octene.-
Conclusions.- Acknowledgement.-References.
Introduction.- Liquid-liquid biphasic, Rh-catalysed hydroformylation using ionic liquids.- Rhodium catalysed hydroformylation using
supported ionic liquid phase SILP) catalysis.- Costs and economics.- Conclusions.- References
Supercritical Fluids-Compressed gases as mobile phase and catalyst support: Introduction to supercritical fluids .-
Applications of scCO2 in catalyst immobilisation.- Economic evaluation and summary .- Summary .-References.-
AREAS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:
Introduction.- Conventional separation methods (See Chapter 2).-
Catalysts on insoluble supports (Chapter 3)
Catalysts on soluble supports (Chapter 4) .
Aqueous biphasic catalysis (Chapter 5)
Fluorous biphasic catalysis (Chapter 6) .-
Reactions involving ionic liquids (Chapter 7).
Reactions using supercritical fluids (Chapter 8)
Conclusions .
References
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