Marine Biofouling: Colonization Processes and Defenses

320pp  ISBN 0849314194      £85.00

• Examines the colonization processes that determine the formation of hard substrate communities
• Explains the causes of micro- and macroorganism concentration on water/hard body interfaces
• Constructs mathematical models for colonization processes and biofouling control
• Analyzes the common causes of colonization of man-made structures
• Reviews the main groups of foulers, from microorganisms to invertebrates to macroalgae
• Details the biological mechanisms and principles of ecologically safe defenses against biofouling

Recent instances of bioinvasion, such as the emergence of the zebra mussel in the American Great Lakes, generated a demand among marine biologists and ecologists for groundbreaking new references that detail how organisms colonize hard substrates, and how to prevent damaging biomass concentrations.

Marine Biofouling: Colonization Processes and Defenses is the English language version of a comprehensive work by eminent Russian scientist Alexander I. Railkin, who details the causes of vast biomass concentrations on submerged hard substrates. He also delivers a quantitative description of colonization processes and provides detailed models for preventing biofouling.

This volume expounds on many topics rarely discussed in the frame of one book: types of hard substrate communities; comparison of hard and soft substrate communities; harm caused by micro- and macrofoulers; larval taxes and drift; mechanisms of settlement and attachment of microorganisms, invertebrates, ascidians and macroalgae; the impact of currents; protection from epibionts; industrial biofouling protection; successions on hard substrates; and the recovery of disturbed communities or the self-assembly of communities. The text includes much Russian-language research translated for the first time.

Through a thorough examination of substrate organisms and an exploration of preventive methods, this monograph prepares those concerned with marine biology to help protect the self-purifying organisms that keep marine ecosystems healthy and productive.

Contents

COMMUNITIES ON SUBMERGED HARD BODIES
Organisms and Communities Inhabiting Surfaces of Hard Bodies
The Phenomenon of Organisms Concentration on Surfaces of Hard Bodies
Biofouling as a Source of Technical Obstacles

BIOFOULING AS A PROCESS
Colonization
Primary Succession
Recovery Successions. Self-Assembly of Communities

TEMPORARY PLANKTONIC EXISTENCE
Release of Dispersal Forms into Plankton
Buoyancy and Locomotion of Propagules
Taxes and Vertical Distribution of Larvae
The Offshore and Oceanic Drift

SETTLEMENT OF LARVAE
The Reasons of Passing over to Periphytonic Existence
Taxes and Distribution of Larvae During Settlement
Sensory Systems Participating in the Substrate Selection
Selectivity During Settlement

INDUCTION AND STIMULATION OF SETTLEMENT BY A HARD SURFACE
Types of Induction and Stimulation of Settlement
Distant Chemical Induction
Contact Heterospecific Chemical Induction
Conspecific Chemical Induction and Aggregations
Stimulation of Settlement, Attachment, and Metamorphosis by Microfouling
The Influence of Physical Surface Factors on Settlement
Combined Influence of Surface Factors on Settlement. The Hierarchy of Factors
Settlement on the Surface Technical Objects

ATTACHMENT, DEVELOPMENT, AND GROWTH
Attachment of Microorganisms
Mechanisms of Attachment of Larvae and Spores of Macroorganisms
Natural Inductors of Settlement, Attachment, and Metamorphosis
Universal Mechanisms of Attachment
Growth and Colonization of the Hard surface

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE QUANTITATIVE THEORY OF COLONIZATION
Mathematical Models of Accumulation
Mathematical Models of Feeding and Growth
Gradient Distribution of Foulers over Surfaces in a Flow

GENERAL REGULARITIES OF BIOFOULING
Causes, Mechanisms, and Limits of Biofouling Concentration on Hard Surfaces
Evolution of Hard-Substrate Communities

PROTECTION OF MAN-MADE STRUCTURES AGAINST BIOFOULING
Physical Protection
Commercial Chemobiocidal Protection
Ecological Consequences of Toxicant Application

ECOLOGICALLY SAFE PROTECTION FROM BIOFOULING
Defense Against Epibionts
Natural and Industrial Anticolonization Protection
Repellent Protection
Antiadhesive Protection
Biocidal Protection
Prospects of Developing Ecologically Safe Anticolonization Protection

THE GENERAL MODEL OF PROTECTION AGAINST BIOFOULING
Conclusion
References

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